Stop Killer Robots was created to provide a coordinated civil society response to the multiple challenges that autonomous weapons systems pose to humanity. Founded by 10 nongovernmental organizations in October 2012, the coalition was publicly launched in April 2013.

The campaign calls for a legally binding instrument including prohibitions and regulations on the development, production, and use of autonomous weapons systems in order to preserve meaningful human control over the use of force. It specifically urges countries to prohibit weapons systems that inherently apply force without meaningful human control and to regulate all other autonomous weapons systems to ensure they always maintain meaningful human control over the use of force. The campaign also advocates for prohibitions on autonomous weapons systems that target people because of the ethical concerns they raise.
The diverse campaign involves human rights advocates, scientists, tech workers, ethicists, among others.